Life Insurance & Annuities

Term Life Insurance

Is the simplest and least expensive type of policy, with no cash value. A term life policy has only one function to pay a specific lump sum to the beneficiary that has been designated, upon a specific event the death of the insured person. The death benefit and the policy limit are the same — for example, a $200,000 policy pays a $200,000 death benefit. The policy protects your family by providing money to replace your salary, income or other contributions, as well as covering final expenses incurred at death.

As agreed in the contract, the premium must be paid, and if you stop paying, the policy ends (lapses.) You won’t owe the insurance company and they won’t owe you a refund for the premiums paid if it lapses before the end of the term.

If the insured person is still alive at the end of the term, you do not get your money back. A term insurance policy is over unless you can renew the policy. If you renew (if the policy has that feature), it will renew at a higher price reflecting the current age of the insured person. Term insurance has no buildup of cash value as some other types of insurance allow. (There are some term life insurance policies that offer a return of premium; be sure you understand the policy you are buying.)

Term life insurance is for people who don't need life insurance for an indefinite period of time. It provides for people who depend on you, but generally ends by the time children are grown and independent, often when the policy owner is ready to retire.
Other types of life insurance provide both a death benefit and a cash value. Their premiums are higher than term life premiums, because they fund the cash value account in addition to providing insurance. These policies are often referred to as cash value policies.

Whole Life Insurance

Is designed to provide protection for dependents while building cash value. The policy pays a death benefit if the insured person dies. However, there is also a savings component (called cash value), which builds over time.
In addition to paying a death benefit, a whole life policy allows accumulation of cash value that the policy owner receives if the policy is surrendered.

The premium is fixed and won’t increase during the lifetime of the insured person as long as premiums are paid as agreed, for the entire time the policy is in force. The policy pays upon the death of the insured or when the insured person reaches a specific age stated in the policy.

Whole life policies cost more than term insurance, but have the benefit that the policy builds cash value.

Universal Life Insurance

Gives the policyholder more control over premiums, provides permanent protection for dependents and is more flexible than a whole life policy. It pays a death benefit to the named beneficiary, and allows the ability to accumulate cash value.

Generally, a universal life policy provides flexibility by allowing the policy owner to change the death benefit at certain times, or to vary the amount or timing of premium payments.

Both the universal life policy and whole life policy allow withdrawals or loans against the cash value of the policy. Another type of insurance, variable life, offers additional investment options in separate accounts. It also requires that the policy owner take time to manage the investments.

How Much Insurance is Enough?

Multiply your family’s annual expenses, allowing for inflation, using the number of years in the future you believe your dependents would need your support.

Remember to include the future costs of items you want to pay for such as a mortgage or educational expenses. Some options to consider:

• How long will any children remain at home and be supported?
• What are possible education costs for dependents, whether a child or an adult who might need to enter the workforce after the death of the primary provider?
• Do you want to cover mortgage or vehicle payoff costs?

Some advisors recommend an amount of life insurance that equals or exceeds two to six times the annual income of the policyholder. However, this figure should be adjusted according to the number of dependents, their relative ages and unique needs of the family.

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